ELECTRONEUROMYOGRAPHY AS ONE OF THE METHODS OF DIAGNOSTICS OF PATHOLOGIES OF DIFFERENT GENESIS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877305-2024-04-04
Issue: 
4
Year: 
2024

A. Morozov, Candidate of Medical Sciences; T. Sorokovikova, Candidate
of Medical Sciences; S. Naumova; A. Kryukova
Tver State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Modern possibilities of using the auxiliary method of electroneuromyography (ENMG) research by narrow specialists are multifaceted. This is primarily due to the safety and wide range of its use in clinical practice. Thus, diagnostics of the speed and time of the nerve impulse to organs and tissues, as well as the ability of the muscular apparatus to respond to stimulation of nerve endings is increasingly used in neurological, coloproctological, urological, surgical, endocrinological, pediatric specialties, in occupational medicine. The heterogeneity of the use of electroneuromyography in clinical medicine allows to identify functional and organic pathologies of the nervous and muscular apparatus, the causes of their occurrence and further development, the extent of the spread of the pathological process, as well as to establish the stages of the detected violation and assess possible risks for the subsequent life of patients. This is achieved by determining the main parameters of individual motor units that are functional elements of each skeletal muscle: shape, amplitude, duration, latent period of evoked potentials and analysis of spontaneous activity of the muscle fiber. Interpretation of the data obtained together with clinical manifestations of neuromotor diseases and with the results of additional research methods allow clinicians to make the correct diagnosis and choose the necessary tactics for managing patients with neuromuscular pathology.
Keywords: 
electroneuromyography
axonopathy
spinal muscular atrophy
carpal tunnel syndrome
diabetic distal polyneuropathy
cervical rib syndrome
vibration disease.

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